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Why does grub show up like this in the BIOS?
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I'm pretty sure Ubuntu works with secure boot. Debian 12 does and since Ubuntu is based off of that, you should be fine.
As for the blank name, it could be a grub bug or bios failing to detect names.
To test if the name works, boot (but don't install) a debian iso and see what name appears. It should show the device name.
If you choose to switch to Debian, a grub name "debian" should appear.