this post was submitted on 03 Jun 2025
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Impedance is a function, not a value - that's why it's often plotted as an impedance curve. If you're seeing a single value you're probably seeing either the nominal impedance or the minimum value.
As for how to measure it, all you need is a resistor, an amplifier, a signal generator (your phone or computer will be perfect), and a multimeter that can measure AC voltage. If your amplifier is pretty flat, you can simply measure the amplifier output voltage once and then measure voltage drop drop across either the resistor or loudspeaker at various frequencies. Some basic math will let you determine the resistance of the loudspeaker at a given frequency. From there you can even start hand calculating the t/s parameters, although calculating Vas is a bit fiddly.