xkcd

Question one: yes and no. Most of the vomiting emojis shared here in comments are fake made using googles emoji kitchen thing. But there are many real modifiers for emojis like skin color or adding accents like tildes to regular english alphabet characters.

Question two: Modern keyboards typically have most emojis built in for you to select through. I dont think typing in the unicode values will automatically convert on phone operating systems but this might help if using windows or programming into a website.

the XKCD explained article on this actually gave some really great info.