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This 9v battery contained six cells stacked like a layer cake
(lemmy.sdf.org)
Picture of a disassembled Duracell 9v battery. Below the terminal assembly is a clear plastic case where you can see six sets of stacked rectangular terminals and fillings.
Battery chemistry produces fixed voltages depending on what you use. It depends on where the active components sit on the electronegativity table.
The typical ones are:
Zinc-carbon and alkaline - 1.5 volts per cell.
Lead acid - 2 volts
Nickel Cadmium - 1.2 volts
Nickel Metal Hydride - 1.4 ish.
All the Lithium ion combos - 3.4 to 3.7 volts.