They don't discuss it here, but it's most likely a reinforcement model that operates different generations of learned behavior to decide if it's improving or not.

It would know that the ball going in the hole is "bad", and then try to avoid that happening. Each move that is "good' is then kept in a list of moves it should perform in the next generation of its plan to avoid the "bad" things. Loop -> fail -> logic build -> retry. After 6 hours, it has mapped a complete list of "good" moves to affect it's final outcome.

The answer your question: no, it would not be able to use what it learned here on a different map of the board. It's building reactions to events based on this one board, and bound by rules. You could use the ruleset with another board, but it would need to learn it all again just as a human would.

The thing about these models is less that they will work (it is assumed they eventually will through trial and error), but how efficiently they will work. The number of generational cycles and retries is usually the benchmark when dealing with reinforcement, but they don't discuss that data here either.