I haven't heard of any phone manufacturers that will completely brick a phone, but Apple is a heavy offender of "parts pairing" where it will give constant warnings or disable features if you swap out a part. Same for the optical drives in playstations and xbox'.

Good news is that a state in the US just banned parts pairing, so it looks like Apple and anyone else will have to stop doing it. I'm sure Apple will just do something else to make it extremely hard to replace parts instead, though. It seems like they always want to be anti consumer pricks.