Why?
Even though green coffee beans tend to be heavier due to the higher water content, generally it's cheaper to roast your own compared to buying them pre-roasted.
You can roast the same beans at different levels to get some variety without having to go out and buy a new batch.
It's kind of fun and a decent conversation topic.
Notes
Don't be scared by how long this post is. It basically just comes down to spread beans on a cookie sheet, put in preheated oven, wait around 12-15 minutes and then take them out and cool them.
Since we're talking about roasting beans, naturally you're going to need a grinder to actually use them.
The process will create some smoke, even with a light roast. Basically, darker roast, more smoke. So far I've mainly done pretty light roasts and even though my kitchen doesn't have much ventilation (and my oven doesn't have fancy modern contraptions like, you know, a light or a fan) it hasn't been an issue.
Your oven should be reasonably clean if you don't want the roasted coffee to taste like random stuff.
If you're a super coffee snob and it has to be perfect, this may not be for you. It's pretty easy, but odds are the first few tries aren't going to be perfect especially if you like darker roasts.
You're going to want something like a large metal mixing bowl and colander for the cooling process. My colander is plastic, so you can probably get away with that if you don't put the red hot beans in it directly out of the oven.
You'll also probably need access to an outside area where bits of coffee chaff blowing around aren't going to bother people. I don't think there's really an easy way to deal with coffee chaff indoors.
By the way, don't try to grind green coffee beans in a normal grinder. They are insanely, and I mean insanely hard and tough. You'll destroy your grinder unless it is an absolute tank. (I'd say it's also not really worth trying, green coffee didn't taste very good to me.)
How
Here's the process:
- Start preheating your oven to 500f/260c. (Some people say as hot as possible, some people use a slightly lower temperature like 460-475f.)
- Get a cookie sheet ready. Just a standard cookie sheet. Mine aren't super clean so I put a layer of silver foil on it. Don't preheat the cookie sheet itself.
- Measure out about 1 cup of green coffee beans. (I've found you can fit about 2 cups on a single sheet but it's probably better to start small.) You want to make sure the beans are spread out evenly in a single layer.
- Look for beans that are discolored/damaged and toss them away. Don't be a perfectionist though, just get rid of 10-15 of the worst looking beans. Something like that.
- Place the cookie sheet in the oven once it's reached the correct temperature. I put mine on the bottom rack near the (electric) heating element. If you're going for a darker roast, I guess this might make burning them more likely.
- Set a timer for ~12 minutes. I wouldn't recommend roasting longer than 14 minutes your first time.
- Now you wait a bit. Probably around the 8 minute mark, you're going to start hearing sharp cracking/popping sounds. Don't worry, the beans won't jump around like popcorn and the sound is fairly loud so you're not likely to miss it. At this point (or in 1-2 minutes) you can remove the beans and have a light roast. This point is known as the "first crack".
- After a couple of minutes, the sounds will die off and you won't hear anything for a little bit. If you keep roasting, you'll start to hear a softer, more muted crackling sound start. This is the "second crack". I would not recommend roasting past this point until you're comfortable with the process and have an idea of how roasted the beans are at this point. If you roast much longer, it's very easy to burn them and there's also going to be a lot more smoke.
- Remove the beans from the oven. You can let them rest for 1-2 minutes on the cookie sheet if you want, then transfer to something like a metal mixing bowl. It has to be something that can deal with 500f stuff touching its surface.
- Ideally get another mixing bowl/colander/whatever as well. Pouring the beans back and forth through the air is a good way to cool them off and remove chaff. What's chaff you ask? The beans are coated with a papery layer of chaff. Don't worry though, once they're roasted it's really easy to remove. You want to try to cool off the beans pretty quickly at this point.
- Go outside and blow gently on the roasted beans in your bowl. You should see a bunch of super light, papery chaff fly out. You can pour the hot beans from one bowl to another, and if there's a bit of a breeze that'll help a lot. Otherwise, you can just blow on them. You could also stir them around with a wooden spoon or something to encourage the chaff to separate.
- Once the chaff is mostly gone (it's fine if there's a little left, or little pieces stuck to some beans) and the beans are fairly cool you can just leave them in a safe place for around 12 hours to fully cool and vent CO2. Don't put them in a sealed container for the first 12-ish hours.
Conclusion
One thing to note is you don't want to actually grind/use the beans for at least 12 hours. It might seem unintuitive, but from what I've read as freshly roasted as possible isn't necessarily best. Depending on the beans/roast level, the coffee might reach its optimal tastiness even a couple weeks after roasting.
I'm far from an expert, but feel free to ask questions in the comments if you want. I can recommend a grinder/beans to get started with if anyone needs information like that.
Does "Western hemisphere" mean the US? If so, it's no problem getting them. Just for example, this is what I have currently: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01GGMF8RA/ (not a referral link or anything)
https://www.freshroastedcoffee.com/ also sells green coffee beans. Those are ones I've bought from previously without issues. If you live in a different country then it might be harder but it's almost certain that there will be online stores in your country that sell green coffee beans. You might even be able to find local stuff.
I'm all for cooking at home and lots of DIY projects, but I just think this is one thing better left to the pros. Also, yeah I'm in Canada. So I'm sure there are online options, but again, time and equipment are huge factors.
100%. If you wanted them, you'd have no problem.
I mean, the equipment is an oven, a cookie sheet and a heat resistant bowl or two. Nothing exotic.
The time is about what it takes to make a simple pasta dish or stir fry. It seems weird to me stressing about the time when it's about the same as preparing a simple meal and only has to be done once every week or so.
Obviously not trying to pressure you to roast your own coffee if you don't want to, it's 100% up to you. I guess I feel like you have to be greatly overestimating the time and effort to say something like that.
Yeah, I already have to do the work to prepare meals everyday to eat. Adding that on is just more work.
It's awesome if you want to do your own as a hobby, but my time doing that every week is going to cost more than buying a pre-roasted bag.
If you think that way then why are you preparing meals every day to eat instead of just buying them pre-made? Do you consider preparing those meals your hobby?
I could just as well have created a post here aimed at people who had never made their own food like "You should know it's actually really easy to prepare some simple meals like stir fries or pasta". Who would say "My hobby is knowing how to cook pasta and throw some sauce on it to make a meal" though? Or say to the person "It's awesome if you want to cook pasta and heat up sauce to serve on it as a hobby, but I'm not into it myself". Guess it seems weird to me because you're talking about it like it's a defining characteristic that a person would be pretty invested in rather than an approach to dealing with something that could have some advantages. (Arguing with random people on the internet though? I think that's something we can safely call one of my hobbies.)
You're comparing a need (food) to not even a want, but a possibly nice to have (self-roasted coffee).
A person can't live without food. However, a person could live without coffee. I can definitely live without roasting my own beans once a week and using that time saved to do something else.
This makes no sense. We're talking about preparing it yourself vs buying it. In either case, you get the item so there's no "this need doesn't get satisfied" possibility.
You don't need to roast your own coffee, just as you don't need to preparing your own meals: instead of spending the time personally preparing to those things, you could buy them. So if your position is "my time is so valuable that I'd rather pay someone else to do the work", then why is that only applied to roasting coffee and not preparing meals?
Because I don't live in fantasy land where prepared food costs are exactly the same as raw food costs? Are you seriously comparing the savings of a couple bucks on coffee to several hundred dollars a week in prepared vs non-prepared food costs?
Yes, I agree with you that your entire argument doesn't make sense.
I'm glad you have found something that you enjoy to do with your time. Enjoy your coffee roasting.
Obviously it doesn't. Either your time is so valuable that it's clearly better to pay someone else to prepare stuff (which appears to be your position) or it's not. The equation doesn't change when we're talking about 10 meals or 1 meal. You don't seem to realize the inconsistency in your position.
You don't save "hundreds of dollars" by preparing one meal yourself, you might save a couple dollars at the expense of your time. Roasting some coffee is a roughly equivalent amount of effort to preparing one meal yourself and you probably save about the same amount of money. So if your time is so valuable that roasting coffee would be a ridiculous waste of your super valuable times, then if you were consistent this would also apply to meal prep.
The "I know you are, but what am I?" turnaround seems a bit immature, don't you think?