So a surgeon doesnt earn their wealth off their own labor & value?

Sure they do. The question that I answered was in regards to commerce/investing. (Rereading the question, it included also saving where highly skilled workers operating where there's a low supply comes to play - assuming that's why you mentioned surgeons)

The surgeon provides some amount of value, their staff makes them more efficient, so theres an equilibrium where theyre being fairly compensated. The hospital owners and investors are the leeches.

If the surgeon employs the their staff they're engaging in capitalism, but I'm assuming you meant that they are also an employee of the hospital in your example.

This is a fundamental sticking point between people who believe in any form of capitalism and communism. If someone develops a method of creating a surplus of labor, under communism, they have no right to that surplus beyond the surplus they would get as a worker.