Elon Musk has become one of the most fervent critics of Ukraine and its President Volodymyr Zelensky online, especially on X, the platform he owns. He often shares pro-Kremlin content. In order to better understand Elon Musk’s messaging about the Ukrainian war, the FRANCE 24 Observers team worked with RTBF and France Info to analyse around 15,000 of Musk’s tweets, published over a period of five months after Donald Trump won the US presidential election. The three media outlets joined forces as part of a project through Médias Francophones Publics. This article is the first installment of a two-part digital investigation into Elon Musk’s activities on X.