As someone else said, it's a bit hard to diagnose without the original file, or at the very least hearing what the distortion sounds like. Chrome does appear to support more wav formats than Firefox according to the listed support on their respective sites. Firefox supports 8 and 16 bit PCM wav files, and chrome supports 32 bit wav as well.
Jellyfin may also be doing conversion of the wav file since streaming wav can use a lot of bandwidth, there's a chance it's converting to a different format for chrome than it does for Firefox.