Good article.
Worst part is that the shitty business model Amazon uses is being copied by almost everyone else. So now it's just user and customer abuse everywhere.
this post was submitted on 05 Oct 2025
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Enshittification
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What is enshittification?
The phenomenon of online platforms gradually degrading the quality of their services, often by promoting advertisements and sponsored content, in order to increase profits. (Cory Doctorow, 2022, extracted from Wikitionary) source
The lifecycle of Big Internet
We discuss how predatory big tech platforms live and die by luring people in and then decaying for profit.
Embrace, extend and extinguish
We also discuss how naturally open technologies like the Fediverse can be susceptible to corporate takeovers, rugpulls and subsequent enshittification.
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Now, you may have noticed that Amazon’s prices aren’t any higher than the prices that you pay elsewhere. There’s a good reason for that: when merchants raise their prices on Amazon, they are required to raise their prices everywhere else, even on their own direct-sales stores.
This alone tells you how much the system has been messed up to favor massive corporations in America. I live in Europe and we don't have laws like that here. Amazon is still a major player (and they're just as evil), but I have the option to buy my goods elsewhere for a lower price. And I regularly do.
Just this month I needed new air filters for a Sony projector. They're 60€ on amazon, so I bought the same filters for 20€ in a dedicated air filter shop in the Netherlands. Even with shipping, it was half the price.
when merchants raise their prices on Amazon, they are required to raise their prices everywhere else, even on their own direct-sales stores.
Not exactly true. If you see the price for an item, this means it is the lowest retail price.
If you see "see options", that means a seller can sell it to you, but they are selling in cheaper somewhere else.
My favorite enshittified feature of Amazon is how, when I sort by low prices, most of the results completely disappear.
Been like that forever. At least eBay gives honest results.
Another fucked up feature is how some products show price per unit, or mix units, or simply don't say.
- The listings under Prime indicate overnight delivery until you actually check out or
- Overnight delivery is actually not a thing.
- Returns by Staples is a mess. If the cashier makes a mistake, they say you never returned the item. We are now having to take pictures of returns like we work for Amazon.
But this is wrong. There are meaningful differences between the internet as it stands today – the enshitternet – and the old, good internet we once had. The enshitternet is a source of pain, precarity and immiseration for the people we love. The indignities of harassment, scams, disinformation, surveillance, wage theft, extraction and rent-seeking have always been with us, but they were a minor sideshow on the old, good internet and they are the everything and all of the enshitternet.
I'm a big fan of Doctorow, but I have to disagree with his view of the "old, good internet", for a reason he recognizes with Amazon but doesn't take to its logical conclusion (at least not in this excerpt).
In step 1 of enshittification, a website is good to its users. Granted. But as the excerpt points out, Amazon was "good to its users" thanks to a massive pile of investor cash, which let them do consumer friendly (but anti-competitive) stuff like sell goods below cost, have a fair search system instead of making money off search placement fees, and not squeeze its suppliers.
But that couldn't last. The money ran out. And Amazon transitioned to stage 2, and stage 3, squeezing its suppliers and customers, in order to pay back its investors and make a ton of money.
And this has been the life cycle for most of the internet. Google, Facebook, Twitter, pretty much every big web company started by using investor cash to give unsustainable benefits to consumers, and then either started squeezing them for profit when the cash ran out or transitioned to some other role (like becoming a propaganda outlet for the world's richest man) because they couldn't continue providing the customer-friendly internet we all enjoyed without going bankrupt.
What I'm getting at is, the old, good internet was inherently unsustainable, because most of the things we enjoyed about it were subsidized by investors. The Facebook that just showed you what your friends were doing? Made no money. The Twitter that the Occupy movement and Arab Spring ran on? Never made a profit. That good, effective Google search engine? Cost a lot more than ad revenue brought in. The entire modern Internet was built on the concept of locking users in with unsustainably cheap services and then squeezing them to repay investors. Enshittification was the plan from Day 1.
We can't go back to the old, good internet. We don't have angel investors willing to subsidize all the good stuff we enjoyed.
But we can go forward to the fediverse 😆
The whole point of Docotorow’s work on enshittification is that it wasn’t inevitable. Tech CEOs have always been pulling the profit lever as hard as they could, but there’s a reason why those levers begun moving when they weren’t before, due to a confluence of bad policies. If we decided to, we could enforce antitrust law, repeal DMCA 1201, mandate interoperability, ban surveillance advertising, and unionize tech companies. And if we did that, guess what? Those disciplinary forces would help keep the psychopaths who run tech companies afraid of their users, competitors, workers, and regulators. Make enshittifiers afraid again, and we can have a good new internet.
I get it, and I disagree.
See, I think the investors and funders behind Big Internet were not just pulling the profit lever - they were pulling political levers to achieve regulatory capture, to get that favorable regulatory environment they needed to make a ton of profit and regulate their competitors out of existence.
And they kept pumping funding into Big Internet while it was unprofitable because they believed eventually they'd win the political battle and have a free hand to extort profits. Which was a fair assumption given, you know, the history of regulation in general.
If the United States suddenly comes to its senses, passes good legislation, and starts enforcing its own regulations, and if we assume, in this utopia, Big Internet won't be able to buy enough American politicians to counter that, I think one of two things will happen.
One, Big Internet moves overseas to more favorable regulatory environments, provides American consumers with a substandard product, and tells them it's their own government's fault in order to encourage us to change the laws in their favor.
Or, two, Big Internet has to operate at a loss again, can't attract new funding on the promise of later profits, and goes bankrupt.
Because I don't think Big Internet can afford to give its users the same experience it did ten or fifteen years ago. In order to give us the ad-free YouTube, unrigged Google search results, algorithms that show us what we want instead of what the Republican Party wants, websites without tracking cookies, and all the other things we enjoyed, it had to run at a loss.
The old, good internet was subsidized by investors who expected profits in the future. No expectation of profit? No subsidized internet services. At least not provided by the big centralized for-profit companies that have controlled the United States' Internet experience for the last twenty years or so.
You seem to be assuming that the only two possibilities for a tech company’s bottom line are either a) grotesque monopoly profits or b) operating at a loss. But this is a false dilemma, since there’s a huge range of somewhat less profitable but still highly profitable business models in between those options! Doing a few billion less in stock buybacks every year while investing in better quality products or higher wages isn’t going to affect whether the tech giants are profitable. They just might have to compete a little more for those margins.
Name a company that is following your proposed methodology.
Your bizarre “challenge” misunderstands the argument Doctorow is making. The idea isn’t to produce a magical new kind of corporation that will behave ethically out of the goodness of their hearts, but to change the material conditions companies operate under, such that their self interest aligns with what we want, due to their fear of losing business, being outcompeted, being fined, having workers go on strike, etc.
I understand it perfectly which is why o asked for an example. You all have no examples or ways to enact your fantasies. Shocker. Your solition here amounts to "remove greed from humanity". Fantasize more why dont ya. It is you amd the other guy who dont understand humanity or reality for that matter. Its all so ecident with the downvotes and complete lack of intellectual integrity.
Literally the opposite. Have you considered a career as a scarecrow salesperson?
Still no examples. You sound like republicans. "Trust me bro"
Add YouTube in there. People mad that they're trying to make a profit when they ran deep in the red for years and years to capture the market.
If lookalike products was the only issue. I often buy electronic parts on Amazon. Enter ones part manufacturers ID code, and behold the range of things Amazon presents. I've been offered female hygiene products (despite being male, so much about all-knowing databases), earrings, knee protectors, and a hammer, just to name a few recent examples. Sometimes I search for my search string on such a product page, but usually come up empty, so I have no idea how they get such ideas.
When you say electronic parts do you mean like resistors and ICs and shit? Why wouldn’t you use a parts warehouse like mouser or digikey or whatever the equivalent is in your country if not USA? You have to pay shipping but parts are cheaper and guaranteed no counterfeits
Parts warehouses tend to want to ship things via express services such as DHL, and even the ones with cheapest shipping still have higher shipping costs than "random Chinese seller in Amazon, eBay or AliExpress".
I'm in Europe, so Mouser shipping for here is very expensive (around 30 euros via DHL if I remember it correctly) so I use an European parts warehouse - TME, which is in Poland - but that's still 8 euros for the cheapest shipping, quite a bit more than "random Chinese seller".
Meanwhile certain stuff which is common and low spec like resistors and capacitors with larger tolerances, as well as things like switches, are fine if you get them from China (they're actually made there) as are low resolution displays, plus there are some pretty useful integrated circuits which are Chinese (say, if you want a simple and cheap USB-Serial adaptor to add basic USB comms to a circuit, just get a CH340g).
The fake parts problems tends to pop-up with more expensive parts like microcontrollers and microprocessors (plus the advertised specs of basically everything power storage and power generation are total bullshit).
So if all I need is a bunch of cheap parts or stuff actually made there (say, small displays) it's fine to use something like AliExpress and the cost of an order including shipment will probably be less than just the shipping costs for TME. However if I need stuff like microcontrollers or 1% resistors with non-standard resistance values, I'll try and come up with a bigger list of stuff I think I need and make a large enough order on TME that the shipping costs aren't a large part of the total cost.
I don't buy that stuff of Amazon, but Aliexpress is much cheaper than Mouser or Digikey for a lot of it especially if you just want an assortment of stuff for future projects instead of exact quantities for your BOM.
Problem with Ali is counterfeit city but I do use it for certain things, absolutely.
Also stocks of things there that bullshit USA rules prevent. Back when I was repairing macbooks and apple basically controlled the entire supply of TI usb c controllers? Like they existed and you could get the datasheet off mouser but they didn’t stock it bc apple literally bought 100% of the supply for years. But aliexpress and ebay had sellers that either pulled them from lines or harvested them from broken machines and reballed them. Considering this was how the machines charged it was the only way to un brick then
I'm just a hobbyist playing around and buying the cheap loose-tolerance stuff to begin with, so it's unclear to me how "counterfeit" could possibly be any worse than I'm already expecting, short of failing to work at all.
Depends on what “stuff” we mean mainly.
Passives like resistors and capacitors? It doesn’t really matter though it’s good practice to measure them before installation (even with good manufacturing nowadays tbh). But buying a widely cloned chip like an atmega mcu? I would just pay the extra dollar to get a few from mouser
I got some ATTiny85s and ESP32s from AliExpress; they seem fine to me. Even with microcontrollers, what do the real ones do that the fake ones fail at?
It’s entirely possible that your chips are fine.
It’s also possible that they’re grey market and might have a higher fail rate, basically. The ones that meet spec get purchased by amtel or atmega or whoever and shipped to parts warehouses like mouser. The ones that don’t are contractually supposed to be destroyed but they technically still work and china is resourceful and doesn’t necessarily give a shit about copyright so they end up on AliExpress for cheap. It’s not a bad deal, it basically means that 3 in 10 might go bad prematurely instead of 1 in 20 but for 1/3rd the cost. Given the savings it’s usually worthwhile for hobbyist stuff, I know I’ve done it. Fuck amazon but I’ll fuck with aliexpress.
The other issue though is clones and copies and that’s more complex. This is where it’s like they might just be fine or they might not work right or at all. Like the FTDI usb to serial interface for microcontrollers vs the clones, which dont always work with the FTDI drivers (though tbf this is bc FTDI purposely updates the drivers to break compatibility with clones and not inherently a fault of the cloned chip).
https://www.guillier.org/blog/2019/08/fake-attiny85-from-china/
it appears there are fakes of attiny85 out there. “Fake” esp32 is more complex bc it’s a native Chinese product. Unless you specifically want the expressif version I guess
Digikey is very expensive in comparison to other suppliers. I often use Mouser or RS and others via our purchase department. But sometimes, Amazon is just cheaper for small amounts. And sometimes, Amazon is actually cheaper than the big suppliers for unknown reasons. There are connectors I buy at Amazon in quantities of ten pairs, and they are cheaper than even larger bulk prices at the big suppliers.
It's way past it's Amazon prime