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Etymology

jäätää (“to freeze”) +‎ -lö or possibly through dialectal jäädellä (“to (slowly) freeze”), thus equivalent to jäätää +‎ -ellä +‎ -ö. Coined by Finnish physician and philologist Elias Lönnrot in 1874.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈjæːtelø/, [ˈjæːt̪e̞lø̞]
• Rhymes: -æːtelø
• Hyphenation(key): jää‧te‧lö.

Noun

jäätelö

1. ice cream (frozen dessert)

Usage notes

jäätelö does not necessarily indicate that the ice cream is made of cream. It may also be milk or vegetable fat, as long as the texture and taste resemble that of the original cream-based product. To specify the raw ingredient, a modifier may be added e.g. kermajäätelö, maitojäätelö, kasvirasvajäätelö.

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Etymology

esi- +‎ -s (s-lative singular); originally "forward, forwards".

Pronunciation

*IPA(key): /ˈedes/, [ˈe̞de̞s̠]

• Rhymes: -edes
  *Hyphenation(key): edes

Adverb

edes

1. even (suggesting an absolute minimum in a question)
   Voiko hän edes juosta?
   Is he even able to run?

2. at least (suggesting an absolute minimum in a positive statement)
   Synonyms: ainakin, vähintään
   Voisit edes lähettää hänelle kortin.
   You could at least send her/him a postcard.
   Anna kymmenen tai edes viisi euroa.
   Give me ten or at least five euros.

3. anyway (in any event)
   Synonyms: kuitenkin, kumminkin, sentään
   Hyvä, että edes ilma oli kaunis.
   Well, the weather was beautiful anyway.

4. even, so much as (suggesting the lack of even a minimum of something in a negative statement)
   Synonym: -kaan
   Asun talossa, jossa ei ole edes vesijohtoa.
   I live in a house which doesn't even have tap water.
   Hän käveli huoneeseen kysymättä edes lupaa ja alkoi selailla heidän tiedostojaan.
   Without so much as asking, he walked into the room and started digging through their files.
   Älä edes kuvittele!
   Don't even think of it!
   Edes NN ei osannut auttaa.
   Even NN was not able to help.

5. (as modifier) for-, fore-, forth (signifies being in front of something, often figuratively)
   edesmennyt ― deceased (compare foregone)
   edestakaisin ― back and forth
   edesvastuu ― legal liability (liability in front of the law)

6. (as headword) on, onward (in some time-related expressions)
   tästedes ― from now on
   (dialectal, dated) forward, forwards

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Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish muskot, from earlier muskat, ultimately from Late Latin muscata (“musky”) (named so because of its taste), a derivation of Late Latin muscus (“musk”).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈmuskotːi/, [ˈmus̠ko̞t̪ːi]
• Rhymes: -uskotːi
• Hyphenation(key): mus‧kot‧ti

Noun

muskotti

1. nutmeg

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Etymology

Variant of dialectal pireä, possibly by influence from nuortea (like how dialectal pirkeä is probably influenced by virkeä)

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈpirteæ/, [ˈpirt̪e̞æ]
• Rhymes: -irteæ
• Hyphenation(key): pir‧teä

Adjective

pirteä (comparative pirteämpi, superlative pirtein)

1. perky, vivacious, lively, spirited
   Antonym: väsynyt

lähde

Etymology

avata +‎ -in, literally "an opening tool, tool for opening". Compare Livvi avain, Veps avadim.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈɑʋɑi̯n/, [ˈɑ̝ʋɑ̝i̯n]
• Rhymes: -ɑʋɑin
• Hyphenation(key): avain.

Noun

avain

1. key (device designed to open and close a lock)
   avaimet käteen -toimitus ― turnkey delivery
2. (figuratively) key (crucial step)
3. (telegraphy) key (device used to transmit Morse code)
4. (chiefly in compounds) wrench, spanner (tool)
   jakoavain ― adjustable wrench / adjustable spanner
   kiintoavain ― non-adjustable wrench / non-adjustable spanner
5. (music) clef (used especially in compound terms)
   Synonyms: klaavi, nuottiavain
   diskanttiavain ― treble clef
   g-avain ― G clef
6. code (set of rules for converting information in a primitive form of cryptography)
7. (cryptography) key (piece of information used to encode or decode)
8. (computing, databases) key (field, potentially unique, used for lookup)

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Etymology

suola (salt) +‎ rinkeli (ring shaped baked good)

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈsuo̯lɑˌriŋkeli/, [ˈs̠uo̞̯lɑ̝ˌriŋk̟e̞li]
• Rhymes: -iŋkeli
• Hyphenation(key): suola‧rinke‧li

Noun

suolarinkeli

1. Synonym of viipurinrinkeli (“pretzel”)

lähde

Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish salmiak, ultimately from a confluence of Latin sal armoniacum and Latin sal ammoniacum.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈsɑlmiɑkːi/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝lmiˌɑ̝kːi]
• Rhymes: -ɑkːi
• Hyphenation(key): sal‧mi‧ak‧ki

Noun

salmiakki

1. salty licorice, salty liquorice
   Salmiakista ei pidä, ellei siitä opi pitämään. You can't like salty licorice without learning to like it.
2. (mineralogy, chemistry, archaic) sal ammoniac
   Synonym: ammoniumkloridi
3. (colloquial) rhombus (shape)
   Synonyms: salmiakkiruutu, vinoneliö, neljäkäs

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pesu. Equivalent to pestä (“to wash”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈpesu/, [ˈpe̞s̠u]
• Rhymes: -esu
• Hyphenation(key): pe‧su

Noun

pesu

1. wash, washing
2. (spatial expressions) laundry
   olla pesussa ― to be in the laundry
   mennä pesuun ― to go in the laundry
   panna pesuun ― to put in the laundry
   joutua pesuun ― to end up in the laundry
   tulla pesusta ― to come from the laundry

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Etymology

taka +‎ -s (s-lative singular)

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈtɑːs/, [ˈt̪ɑ̝ːs̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑːs
• Hyphenation(key): taas

Adverb

taas

1. again, another time, once again
   Ei kai taas? ― Not again?
2. on the other hand, for one
   Minä taas en pidä siitä.
   But I for one don't like it.

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Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈpɑi̯tɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝i̯t̪ɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑitɑ
• Hyphenation(key): pai‧ta

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *paita, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *paidō (compare Old High German pheit and Gothic 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (paida)).[1] Akin to Karelian paita, Veps paid.

Noun

paita

1. shirt (article of clothing)

Etymology 2

Noun

paita

1. partitive singular/plural of pai

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ruskëda.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈruskeɑ/, [ˈrus̠k̟e̞ɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -uskeɑ
• Hyphenation(key): rus‧kea

Adjective

ruskea (comparative ruskeampi, superlative ruskein)

1. brown

lähde

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈlæhdeˣ/, [ˈlæhde̞(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -æhde
• Hyphenation(key): läh‧de

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *läktek (compare Estonian läte, Ingrian lähe, Veps lähte, Võro läteq), equivalent to lähteä (“to leave”) +‎ -e, as in "where the water leaves the ground".

Noun

lähde

1. spring, wellhead (place where water emerges from the ground)
2. (often in the plural) source, fountainhead (collection of water on or under the surface of the ground in which a stream originates)
3. source, origin (person, place or thing from which something comes or is acquired)
   Antonym: nielu
4. source (reporter's informant)
5. source (book, article, interviewee etc. referenced in a written work; an item in the bibliography of a written work)
6. (electronics) source (one of the terminals of a field effect transistor)

Etymology 2

Verb

lähde

1. inflection of lähteä:
2. present active indicative connegative
3. second-person singular present imperative
4. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

lähde

Etymology

The locative singular of kauka- (kauko-).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯kɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝u̯kɑ̝nɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑukɑnɑ
• Hyphenation(key): kau‧ka‧na

Adverb

kaukana (comparative kauempana, superlative kauimpana)

1. far, far away, afar
   Asun kaukana kaupungin keskustasta.
   I live far away from the city center.
   Hän asuu kaukana. ― He lives afar.
   He ovat jo kaukana edellämme.
   They are already far ahead of us.
   Kissamme pysyttelee aina kaukana pölynimurista.
   Our cat always stays far from the vacuum cleaner. / Our cat always gives the vacuum cleaner a wide berth.

lähde

Etymology

haisu (stink) +‎ näätä (marten).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈhɑi̯suˌnæːtæ/, [ˈhɑ̝i̯s̠uˌnæːt̪æ]
• Rhymes: -æːtæ
• Hyphenation(key): haisu‧näätä

Noun

haisunäätä

1. skunk (mammal of the family Mephitidae, especially the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis)
2. stinker (one who smells)

lähde

Etymology

Borrowed either from North Germanic (compare Old Norse enda) or from Middle Low German ende, in either case ultimately from Proto-Germanic *anþi. Compare Estonian ent (“but”), Ingrian entä (“but, however”).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈentæ/, [ˈe̞n̪t̪æ]
• Rhymes: -entæ.
• Hyphenation(key): en‧tä

Conjunction

entä

1. what about
   Minä lähden – entä sinä?
   I'll go – what about you?
   Sinulla on selvästi hauskaa, mutta entä minulla?
   You're obviously having a good time, but what about me?
   Entä toinen maali!
   What about the second goal!
2. (dialectal) than (in comparisons)
   Meijän isä on kovempi entä teijän isä.
   My father is cooler than your father.

lähde

Etymology

kaataa (“to overturn”) +‎ -ua (reflexive suffix). Possibly already as Proto-Finnic *kaatudak (compare Ingrian kaatua, Karelian kuatuo).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈkɑːtuɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝ːt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑːtuɑ
• Hyphenation(key): kaa‧tua

Verb

kaatua (intransitive)

1. to fall from an upright position; to fall down, to fall over
   Kaaduin kadulla ja loukkasin polveni.
   I fell in the street and hurt my knee.
   Puu kaatui syysmyrskyssä.
   The tree fell in an autumn storm.
2. to fall (die, especially in battle)
   Tämä on kaikkien ensimmäisessä maailmansodassa kaatuneiden muistomerkki.
   This is a monument to all those who fell in the First World War.
3. (of a liquid) to spill
4. (of a government) to fall
5. (figuratively) to fail, to come to nought, to be frustrated (of an attempt, a plan, or similar)
   Suunnitelma kaatui rahan puutteeseen. The plan failed owing to a lack of funds.
6. (computing) to crash
7. (nautical) to capsize, keel over

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rauha, of unclear further origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈrɑu̯hɑ/, [ˈrɑ̝u̯ɦɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑuhɑ
• Hyphenation(key): rau‧ha

Noun

rauha

1. peace, harmony, calm (state of tranquility, quiet, and harmony)
2. peace (state free of oppressive and unpleasant thoughts and emotions)
3. peace (state free of war)
4. (usually with qualifier) treaty, peace treaty Täyssinän rauha ― Treaty of Teusina

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Etymology

näytellä +‎ -mä

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈnæy̯telmæ/, [ˈnæy̯t̪e̞lmæ]
• Rhymes: -æytelmæ.
• Hyphenation(key): näy‧tel‧mä

Noun

näytelmä

1. play (theatrical performance)
2. spectacle

lähde

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sadëk. Equivalent to sataa (“to rain, precipitate”) +‎ -e.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈsɑdeˣ/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝de̞(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑde
• Hyphenation(key): sa‧de

Noun

sade

1. (meteorology) precipitation (any kind of precipitation from the sky (e.g. rain, snow, sleet, hailstones))
   Sateet tulivat tänä vuonna myöhään.
   The rains came late that year.
   1. (especially) rain (condensed water falling from a cloud)
2. (by extension) rain (any matter moving or falling, usually through air) Kranaattisade putosi asemiimme. A rain of mortar fire fell on our positions.

Usage notes

sade on its own usually refers to rain. Snowfall, hailstorm etc. are also sade in Finnish, but are normally used with a modifier, e.g. lumisade (“snowing, snowfall”), raesade (“hailstorm”). It is also possible to use a modifier for rain specifically: vesisade.

lähde

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lippu, from an onomatopoeic stem, the same from which the Estonian lipp was derived.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈlipːu/, [ˈlipːu]
• Rhymes: -ipːu
• Hyphenation(key): lip‧pu

Noun

lippu

1. flag, banner
   liehuvat liput ― flying flags / waving flags
2. colours (standard or banner)
   Lipun menetys raunioitti rykmentin moraalin.
   The loss of their colours destroyed the regiment's morale.
3. sheet, ticket (piece of paper, usually for a specific purpose; often in the plural when used alone) [with illative or allative ‘to, for’] matkalippu ― travel ticket
   Ellipsis of matkalippu (“travel ticket”).
   Ellipsis of pääsylippu (“admission ticket”).

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *loppu. Equivalent to (dialectal) loppi (“(inside) corner, nook”) +‎ -u or (dialectal) loppea (“to finish”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈlopːu/, [ˈlo̞pːu]
• Rhymes: -opːu
• Hyphenation(key): lop‧pu

Noun

loppu

1. end, ending, finish, conclusion (terminal, final or closing point of something)
   Synonyms: lopetus, pääte
   loppu on tullut ― this is the end (literally, “the end has come”)
2. (in the plural) the rest, the remaining [with elative ‘of’]
   Loput heistä ovat mennyttä.
   The rest of them are gone for good.

Adjective

loppu (not comparable)

1. (in the plural) the rest, the remaining
   Synonyms: jäljelle jäävä, jäljelle jäänyt, jäljellä oleva
   Saat syödä loput mansikat. You may eat the remaining strawberries.

Adverb

loppu

1. out, out of, over (without, no longer in possession of)
   Synonym: lopussa
   Meiltä on leipä loppu. We are out of bread.
   Aika on loppu.
   Time's up.

Usage notes.

• Used with olla (“to be”). Who is or are out of something is expressed in the ablative case (as in the usage example).
• Traditionally this use of loppu instead of lopussa was proscribed, as it was seen to derive from Swedish influence.

Interjection

loppu

1. the end (radio) out (the station is finished with its transmission and does not expect a response)

lähde

Etymology

huhta (“cleared field in slash-and-burn cultivation”) +‎ kuu (“month”), named so because it was around the time of year when the trees and plants to be burned to make a swidden were left to dry.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈhuhtiˌkuː/, [ˈhuht̪iˌkuː]
• Rhymes: -uː
• Hyphenation(key): huhti‧kuu

Noun

month
Previous: maaliskuu
Next: toukokuu
huhtikuu

1. April (month)

Usage notes

“in April” is expressed with the inessive case (huhtikuussa).

lähde

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *nakradak, of unknown ultimate origin. Cognates include Estonian naerma, Karelian nakrua.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈnɑu̯rɑːˣ/, [ˈnɑ̝u̯rɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑurɑː
• Hyphenation(key): nau‧raa

Verb

nauraa (intransitive)

1. to laugh [with allative or partitive ‘at’] nauraa katketakseen ― to laugh one's head off, split one's sides
2. to laugh off [with allative]
   Jos sää on huono, minä vain nauran sille.
   If the weather is bad, I'll just laugh it off.

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *soomi, probably from earlier *sämä and related to Proto-Samic *sāmē (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details and references). The name originally referred only to the area now known as Southwest Finland (Finnish Varsinais-Suomi (literally “Finland Proper”)). Cognates include Estonian Soome, Ingrian Soomi, Livonian sūom, Votic soomi and (borrowed) Northern Sami Suopma. First attested in 811 in Royal Frankish Annals as an anthroponym (personal name).

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈsuo̯mi/, [ˈs̠uo̞̯mi]
• Rhymes: -uomi
• Hyphenation(key): Suo‧mi

Proper noun

Suomi

1. (uncountable) Finland (a country in Northern Europe) Synonyms: Suomenmaa, Suomen tasavalta
   Suomi on tasavalta.
   Finland is a republic.
2. a Finnish surname

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Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hihtädäk, probably onomatopoeic. Compare Karelian hiihteä and Veps hihtta.

Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˈhiːhtæːˣ/, [ˈhiːçt̪æː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -iːhtæː
• Hyphenation(key): hiih‧tää

Verb

hiihtää.

1. (intransitive, transitive) to ski

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