I gotta say I appreciate you taking the time and effort to learn! Allies are very much needed and I'm sure we all appreciate any effort you take.

It can be difficult to navigate the waters of transgender issues because opponents of trans rights will often use a tactic called sealioning which in short is "pretending to ask questions from a place of innocent ignorance" but really their intention is to insert their true hateful opinions into the conversation, or simply to waste the time of everyone involved.

It doesn't seem like you're that type of person, but just be aware that sometimes asking questions, no matter how innocent, will sometimes illicit a skeptical, or downright suspicious response because of that.

Anyway, I'll try to be helpful with a list of commonly used terminology that you can look up.

AMAB/AFAB - Assigned (Male/Female) At Birth refers to the gender that a transgender person was born as

Sex vs Gender - Sex is biological, but gender is societal. People will often say that gender is a construct, by that they mean that the stereotypes and behaviours that we are not born with the stereotypes or behaviours that define genders in our society, they're learned and they can be changed and unlearned.

Gender binary (or gender spectrum) - This is a term for the 2 common types of gender that most societies have, which is male gender and female gender. Although it uses the term "binary" which implies only 2 options, it's often thought of more as a spectrum with the 2 extremes being on each end of the spectrum.

Transsexual - An outdated term and considered very offensive by most of the transgender community. NEVER call a transgender person a transsexual unless they use that word to describe themselves. As far as I understand it, a transsexual is specifically a person who doesn't actually believe that they are a gender other than their assigned gender at birth, but instead they simply wear clothing of the opposite sex either for shock value, or for sexual purposes. Basically a crossdresser, or a drag queen would fit into this category.

Trans/Cis - These are Latin affixes, cis being "on this side" and trans being "on the other side of", but with reference to gender cisgender people are those who are happy with the assigned gender at birth, and transgender people have chosen to change their assigned gender at birth.

Transwoman - A transgender person that was AMAB but has transitioned into a woman

Transman - A transgender person that was AFAB but has transitioned into a man

Gender neutral - Gender neutral transgender people are a specific subset of non-binary transgender people in that they do believe in the gender binary (male/female and everything in between) and they usually will try to be as close to the middle as possible.

Non-Binary - An AMAB or AFAB transgender person whose transition goals are to be neither distinctly male nor female in their gender presentation.

Transfeminine (or transfemme) - I see this term misused a lot even by transgender people, but I think the true definition is a transgender person who is non-binary, but leans slightly towards the feminine side of the binary gender spectrum.

Transmasculine (or transmasc) - Again, often misused in my opinion, but this is a non-binary transgender person that leans slightly towards the mascule side of the binary gender spectrum.

HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy) - Medication to suppress the hormones of a transgender person's assigned gender at birth and replace it with the desired hormones. Sometimes referred to as Gender Affirming Care (GAC).

E/T/Blockers - These are terms for different medications used in HRT. E is short of Estrogen, T is short for Testosterone, and blockers are medications that inhibit natural hormone production, for transwomen this will block the production of testosterone, for transmen this will block the production of estrogen.

GRS (Gender Reassignment Surgery, or sometimes called Bottom Surgery) - Usually this is specifically in reference to a surgical procedure to change the genitals of the transgender person into that of their chosen gender.

Top Surgery - Top surgery is another type of surgery that I think is distinct from GRS because it's a secondary sexual characteristic. For transmen this is the removal of breasts, for transwomen this is the addition of breasts (breast implants).

Chaser (or Unicorn Chaser) - A term for people that don't really see transgender people as people, but instead they see us as a rare commodity for their sexual gratification. They don't truly see transgender people as their chosen gender, because to them the thing that piques their interest about us is simply that we are transgender.

Wow, I've hit the character limit, gotta break this up into multiple posts...