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Low power media server with RPi 3 Model B?
(lemmy.ml)
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this post was submitted on 12 Aug 2023
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I use a Raspberry Pi 3B as a Jellyfin server, and people are correct... it's not very suited to the task. Transcoding must be turned off in the settings as the the little Pi has no hardware decoding currently available, so I re-encode all my stuff to h264/aac before upload. Last I heard there were attempts to get some hardware decoding enabled, but I see very little progress. rpi-ffmpeg
I currently have 8 SSDs attached (which is probably too many), and I get about 12MBps throughput on USB 2.0. I have two powered USB hubs attached so that the SSDs don't undervolt the RPi, which is really easy to do. As people already mentioned, part of my speed issue is the ethernet being on the same internal hub as the USB ports. I recall that WiFi is not tied like ethernet so you may increase throughput by connecting to your network via 802.11. These rules change when you get an RPi4 though.
The media itself takes some time to scan in, and if you're booting from an SD card you'll want to mount all jellyfin directories on dedicated LVs to avoid tearing up your SD card. Also doesn't hurt to enable log2ram to reduce SD card wear, though you'll need to modify your system journal to flush more frequently so you don't fill it to 100% accidentally. log2ram
But yeah, after all that stuff it works more or less like I'd expect. The interface can take a second or two to load thumbnails, but I can watch 1080p content without buffering from inside the network... though content will always be exactly what you upload with no changes to resolution, encoding, or container. If you want different resolutions or encodings you have to upload multiple copies in the same folder (with specific naming) so they show up as options in the Jellyfin client. I even got some VLC installs to play the media by enabling DLNA.
What I love about your comment is that you are using more or less the same methods that were around when the RPi3 came out.
I didn't consider weighing the storage penalty vs the cost of processor upgrades when keeping an SD or 720p version of files around. I know some people run two instances of radarr/sonarr/jellyfin for this reason. Like many, my connection is asymmetric, meaning the best I can probably serve is 1080p over WAN at maximum luck, or a few simultaneous streams mixed between 720p and 480p.
Example: Asteroid City is 18.5 GiB in 4k and 3.5 GiB in Web 720p, a roughly 5x's file size difference. If we estimate SSD cost is ~$50/TB, 5TB of 4k content costs an extra $50 to keep 720p around for WAN streaming.
That to me justifies not upgrading processing, using instead an RPi3 for low power storage maxxing, and eating the cost in file duplication. I simply won't be able to get on-the-fly hardware transcoding capability anywhere close to this price point.
Ngl, I was pretty bummed about the realities the previous commenters enlightened me to in this post I'm very grateful to their wisdom. But, you have given me so much new hope!
Yeah, it's an install that's getting long in the tooth. I've been hunting for a RPi4 for two years now, as USB3.0 would allow some basic LVM RAID5. I finally got one a week ago and have been waiting for RPiOS Bookworm to come out before making the painful transition... then RPi5 gets announced. Just my luck. haha
Do you keep your files in multiple formats (hevc and h264) or only h264? I am ripping mine to hevc but due to transcoding limitations I am thinking about re-encoding to h264/mp4 as well, so from mobile it would stream the lower quality and the TVs would stream higher quality, but not sure if that works…
I guess that depends on how much storage you have to spare. In Jellyfin you can designate different formats by appending the label after the name, as long as both files are in the same parent directory. For example I'm subscribed to a movie maker on Patreon, and he allows his movies to be downloaded at their native resolution in an mp4 with h264 encoding. Not ideal for running on an old CRT with a Roku1 attached, haha. So I scale them and put the resolution as the label, then I use the drop-down inside the app to choose the appropriate version. It's worth the storage penalty for me. Other stuff like GamesDoneQuick archives I downloaded are not multi-format since I don't feel like keeping weeks worth of streaming media in redundant files. So those are left in webm with VP9.
├── Skull Forest (2012)
│ ├── folder.jpg
│ ├── Skull Forest (2012) - 480p.mp4
│ └── Skull Forest (2012) - 1080p.mp4
Ok that makes a lot of sense, thanks!