I dunno. The IPv4 address space is getting pretty tight, and aside from rejiggering existing inefficient allocations, there's not a lot you can do beyond NAT.

In the US, we had it pretty good for a long time, because we had a rather disproportionate chunk of the IPv4 address space -- Ford, MIT, and Apple alone each had their own Class A netblock, about half a percent of the IPv4 address space each, for example.

But things have steadily gotten tighter as more and more of the world uses the Internet more and more.

https://whatismyipaddress.com/ipv6-ready

As expected, the ISPs are no longer receiving new allotments or allocations of public IPv4 addresses from the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN). Some have managed to continue to provide new IPv4 addresses by reallocating some of the addresses they had been assigned in the past but perhaps had never passed on to customers. This buys them a little more time while they scramble to roll out and support IPv6 addresses.

Like, there's real scarcity of the resource. It doesn't require the scarcity to be artificially-induced.

My ISP used to let one get a /29 IPv4 block for residential users, though they stopped that years ago. Always have had a way to get publicly-facing IPv6 addresses, though.

End of the day, the real fix is to get the world on IPv6.