My dad is completely blind. In the past you're correct that it would have been tactile, but they've gone to touch screens pretty universally. I can't speak to android, but iPhones have really good accessibility settings. For the fully blind they have a setup with a screen reader where you can tap the screen and it says what's in that section then you tap it again to actually click it. The more common way (at least for him) of using it is to drag your finger around the screen - each section will give haptic feedback and read it off every time your finger enters a new section.

Theuch bigger problem is smaller websites and apps that don't bother going through the extra effort to define these sections in such a way that the iPhone can tell what it's supposed to be reading or even where the section really is.