Blockchain technology allows one to create economies with different rules and for those rules to be faithfully followed by all network participants. Those rules can benefit different people and have different effects than our current system of economic rules. It also gives the "power of the treasury" ie the power to decide when and for what reasons money is printed. An example of a project using this towards interesting ends is !gridcoin@lemmy.ml which mints currency for people crunching data for scientific research. They do this as an alternative to "proof of work" systems which just calculate hashes and have been doing this for nearly a decade.