this post was submitted on 14 Jul 2025
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cross-posted from: https://slrpnk.net/post/24690127

Solar energy experts in Germany are putting sun-catching cells under the magnifying glass with astounding results, according to multiple reports.

The Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems team is perfecting the use of lenses to concentrate sunlight onto solar panels, reducing size and costs while increasing performance, Interesting Engineering and PV Magazine reported.

The "technology has the potential to contribute to the energy transition, facilitating the shift toward more sustainable and renewable energy sources by combining minimal carbon footprint and energy demand with low levelized cost of electricity," the researchers wrote in a study published by the IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics.

The sun-catcher is called a micro-concentrating photovoltaic, or CPV, cell. The lens makes it different from standard solar panels that convert sunlight to energy with average efficiency rates around 20%, per MarketWatch. Fraunhofer's improved CPV cell has an astounding 36% rate in ideal conditions and is made with lower-cost parts. It cuts semiconductor materials "by a factor of 1,300 and reduces module areas by 30% compared to current state-of-the-art CPV systems," per IE.

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[–] Vinstaal0@feddit.nl 2 points 5 hours ago

The issue here in NL is with the power grid, not the price of the panels. The installing of them is already one of the most expensive parts of getting panels since you need to build scafolding for most houses.

[–] sqgl@sh.itjust.works 7 points 14 hours ago

That is Fraunhofer who are the people most responsible for developing MP3

[–] SocialMediaRefugee@lemmy.world 18 points 23 hours ago (2 children)

They need changes in laws too. Instead of chewing up open space and farmland I'd rather see more urban areas used like parking lots and industrial sites.

[–] A_Random_Idiot@lemmy.world 15 points 22 hours ago

Yeah, Don't put the solar farms in meadows, or on mountains. put them on warehouse roofs, over highways, over parking lots, on government buildings, etc etc.

[–] taguebbe@feddit.org 10 points 22 hours ago* (last edited 22 hours ago) (1 children)

Roughly 50% of germany is used as farmland. On 60% of the farmland crops to feed livestock are grown. On 20% of it crops for energyproduction (biofuel, biogas). If you take for example rapeseeds, used for biodiesel, you would harvest around 50 times as much energy with a pv-plant on the same area. You would need to install pv on 5-6% of the farmland to produce enough electric energy for all of germany for a year. Granted you also can provide the grid for it and enoguh storage.

[–] Jason2357@lemmy.ca 8 points 14 hours ago (1 children)

Not only that, but livestock can still graze under panels, on grass that often grows just as well with a little shade.

[–] sqgl@sh.itjust.works 1 points 11 hours ago (1 children)

Surely the grass would grow better with more son(?)

[–] Jason2357@lemmy.ca 4 points 5 hours ago (1 children)

Not always. Wide open fields get baked dry mid summer in a lot of local climates.

Yup, my grass does best under my trampoline.

[–] humanspiral@lemmy.ca 23 points 1 day ago (2 children)

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10938951

This is 36% MODULE efficiency with expensive cooling. 30% actual year long efficiency without it. Requires dual axis tracking. Seems heavy as its very tall/deep.

Headline of cost reduction is very unlikely. Especially on a per acre/fairly large area basis. Dual axis tracking requires more spacing than fixed orientation rows, and loses benefits under cloudy conditions. While power at 7am and 5pm is more valuable when competing against high penetration solar, batteries are now more competitive than tracking, and can serve edge of day and night power needs. Tracking solar tends not to be built anymore, due to low cost of panels. The cooling infrastructure is also not as useful as it is on rooftops because the heat capture has useful benefits for homes.

It is also unclear how this has advantage over parabolic mirror.

Agri PV is a real use case, where more free land means more land use, even if most of it gets more shade, except around noon.

[–] Knock_Knock_Lemmy_In@lemmy.world 3 points 1 day ago (3 children)

Solar panels as fences is what is needed.

[–] Bytemeister@lemmy.world 6 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Kinda works if you use bifacial panels.

[–] Knock_Knock_Lemmy_In@lemmy.world 2 points 23 hours ago* (last edited 23 hours ago) (1 children)

Bifacial panels as a fence provides 3% extra yield but 30% extra revenue

https://www.gridcog.com/blog/solar-fence-vs-ground-mount-solar

[–] Bytemeister@lemmy.world 1 points 23 hours ago* (last edited 22 hours ago) (1 children)

Sure, but if you wanted solar panels to work on both sides of your East/West facing fence, you'd have to buy 100% more panels, so bifacial saves you 70% there. Seems like a good deal. I'm sure you read the "Model Overview" of that article and caught that the monofacial panels were facing the equator, and the bifacial panels were facing East/West...

Edit: bad read on my part, I didn't not understad the full content of the previous message.

[–] Knock_Knock_Lemmy_In@lemmy.world 3 points 23 hours ago (1 children)

I don't think we are arguing. I was just giving you more details.

[–] Bytemeister@lemmy.world 1 points 23 hours ago (1 children)

My interpretation of your comment was that bifacial solar panels are a useless gimmick which allows companies to charge more for a cheaper product.

Is that correct?

[–] Knock_Knock_Lemmy_In@lemmy.world 3 points 22 hours ago (1 children)

No, the opposite. They are superior. Bifacial panels have a 3% additional yield over standard panels. The +10-20% cost premium is covered by the +30% revenue

Even with traditional mountings, Bifacial panels pick up extra light reflected from the ground.

[–] Bytemeister@lemmy.world 2 points 22 hours ago (1 children)

Bad read on my part, sorry for the snark. Carry on.

[–] Knock_Knock_Lemmy_In@lemmy.world 2 points 22 hours ago

No problem. Take a closer look a the link, particularly the graphs.

[–] humanspiral@lemmy.ca 2 points 1 day ago

It's viable as edge of day high power boost in east/west direction, and simply any extra power that is cheap and easy to install, that adds privacy or keeps the controlled beings inside.

[–] SocialMediaRefugee@lemmy.world 1 points 23 hours ago

Urban shade

[–] Shanedino@lemmy.world 1 points 23 hours ago (1 children)

You are at least completely and utterly wrong about tracking solar not typically being built anymore. Any major solar site uses tracking if you have a couple acres on a corner maybe not but I think you are being a bit too general. Panels are only one of many costs per solar panel installation, its still cost effective overall to increase efficiency.

[–] humanspiral@lemmy.ca 1 points 23 hours ago

You're right about US. seems half uses tracking. No numbers on China which is 30x larger market. Economics still only make sense at consumer level of $1/watt panel prices, to me, but I guess there are reasons I don't understand.

[–] tobiah@lemmy.world 21 points 1 day ago (1 children)

"The lens makes it different from standard solar panels that convert sunlight to energy with average efficiency rates around 20%, per MarketWatch. Fraunhofer's improved CPV cell has an astounding 36% rate in ideal conditions"

Why would I want to compare one panel's average efficiency to another panels efficiency in ideal conditions?

[–] eleitl@lemmy.zip 9 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Marketing. Fresnel lenses are not going to do well with diffuse light.

[–] BananaTrifleViolin@lemmy.world 3 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (1 children)

Maybe I'm misunderstanding but wouldn't diffuse light be what it's going to be best at? While it'd be worse on a sunny day when there is an optimal single direction for the light to come in?

It's the opposite of a light house fresnel lens - instead of scattering the light source evenly out, it'll capture diffuse incoming rays from random directions better and concentrate it on the photovoltaic cell? However it would be at the cost of being able to capture direct sunlight efficiently as only some of the lens would ever be in the best position to capture the direct rays?

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[–] Prior_Industry@lemmy.world 6 points 23 hours ago

US Government - not on my watch....

[–] shaggyb@lemmy.world 13 points 1 day ago

Banned in North America in 3... 2...

[–] Etterra@discuss.online 10 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Oh don't worry, I'm sure the capitalist system will manage to fuck it up somehow.

[–] Rekorse@sh.itjust.works 10 points 1 day ago

"If we allow german solar panels into america it will destroy our good hard working american businesses. Tarriffs on german solar panels of 69%!"

[–] EndlessNightmare@reddthat.com 10 points 1 day ago

I thought this has already been done. Guess there's some nuance to it that is above my understanding of it.

Anyhow, advancements in solar are cool in my book.

[–] gandalf_der_12te@discuss.tchncs.de 28 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (6 children)

I'm not sure what to think about the Fraunhofer institute in general. They have made some nice discoveries/inventions in the past, such as audio compression algorithms and such. That is why i hyped them for a bit.

But they really disappointed me with their writings on solar panels in the past few years.

They said that the efficiency of solar panels today is too low to deploy them widely in practice, which is simply not true. They tried pushing Perovskite solar cells for no reason.

I'm not sure what to think about this article's idea. On one hand, adding lenses to solar parks makes them significantly more complicated and therefore expensive to build. Also, if the parks have complicated physical forms, they're more susceptible to wind, and that could damage them.

On the other hand, yes, adding lenses means you need fewer actual solar panels for the same amount of energy harvested.

I'll therefore put it in the category of inconclusive inventions, together with the idea of adding a motor to the solar panels so they can track the sun. That would also make the solar panels more efficient, but also more complicated and more prone to mechanical failure.

[–] r_deckard@lemmy.world 13 points 1 day ago (4 children)

I'd like to know what they're going to do about the heating issue. Concentrating solar radiation carries with it an increased heat load. And heat reduces solar PV efficiency. I'm already losing about 30% in summer when the panels heat up.

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[–] stringere@sh.itjust.works 44 points 1 day ago

The only thing slowing down the transition from fossil fuels to renewables is the same impediment it has always been: oil money protecting itself.

[–] shortwavesurfer@lemmy.zip 5 points 1 day ago* (last edited 1 day ago) (7 children)

I have not read the article yet, but I will be doing so after posting this. But from what I understand, concentrated cells via lenses already exist. The problem with them was keeping them cool.

Going to go read the actual article now.

Edit: Well, the article was very sparse on details. From what I understand of the comments, what's really been done here is making cells that can stand the kind of heat that would be focused onto them from the glass.

I want to say I saw a video about this a year ago or so, but it was more solar thermal, where you focus a bunch of mirrors onto a single point high up on a tower, and it's cooled by molten salt. But as I said, that's solar thermal, not solar power electricity.

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[–] callouscomic@lemmy.zip 48 points 2 days ago (3 children)

Wait for something fucking idiotic like:

"U.S. government to implement 5,000% tax on new solar technology...."

[–] match@pawb.social 25 points 1 day ago

"also, revenue from new tax will be used to build new coal mines staffed by concentration camp inmates 1"

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[–] pulsewidth@lemmy.world 12 points 1 day ago (4 children)

Hey it's those guys that invented MP3s.

[–] hakunawazo@lemmy.world 8 points 1 day ago

It really whips the sun's ass.

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[–] anamethatisnt@sopuli.xyz 60 points 2 days ago (1 children)

What are concentrating photovoltaics? One of the ways to increase the output from the photovoltaic systems is to supply concentrated light onto the PV cells. This can be done by using optical light collectors, such as lenses or mirrors. The PV systems that use concentrated light are called concentrating photovoltaics (CPV). The CPV collect light from a larger area and concentrate it to a smaller area solar cell. This is illustrated in Figure 5.1.

Also, from the article - 33.6% efficiency in real-world conditions:

A 60 cell-lens prototype was studied for a year. In "real-world" conditions, CPVs achieved up to 33.6% efficiency. The 36% mark was posted at 167 degrees Fahrenheit. The prototype showed no signs of degradation, according to IE.

[–] BombOmOm@lemmy.world 46 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (13 children)

A lighthouse uses the same lens, just with the light coming from the inside. Since this is old knowledge, what is the drawback? Why isn't this widespread?

My completely uninformed guess:

  • The lens and assembly costs too much compared to just more solar panels

  • The lens/panel combo is so bulky/prone to failure it becomes unreasonable to actually install/use.

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[–] cmnybo@discuss.tchncs.de 29 points 1 day ago (4 children)

Solar panels are already quite cheap. What we need is much cheaper grid forming inverters so we can stop destabilizing the grid with solar.

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