You say "like this" but the real answer depends on what the backing of that material is. Liquid nails will glue to some things and not to others. In fact there are about 8 different varieties of liquid nails that are each formulated for a different set of materials and conditions.
If the back of the cabinet is unfinished press board, then most any kind of water based glues (even wood glue) will work. But you'd need to inspect the laminate first.
And in a last ditch effort you could use something like primer paint (not 2-in-1) on the back of the laminate to make a waterbased glue adhere.
When you do go about gluing, there is also some amount of technique that would help. Spread the glue out in a thin layer not in big blobs. You will need to clamp the materials together until the glue sets. Luckily the planks are lightweight for their surface area - so you should be able to get them to stick easily and permanently.