they entirely skipped ...bleeding kansas? the escalating violence was one of the underpinning causes fo sho.

that said, our tx history classes completely skipped the entire slave trade aspect / Mexico's slavery prohibition as events that caused the Alamo so... shouldn't be surprised.

Well a post-civil war class would start after this period, but it should have been mentioned in high school at least.

It's mentioned here, although not in the way you'd hope...

I think the specific event was briefly mentioned in my high school Amer. History class along with the broader Bleeding Kansas event when we were discussing events leading up to the Civil War.

A good chunk of Brown’s stuff happened outside of Kansas. The jayhawkers and bushwhackers fought a ton. Both Lawrence and Manhattan in KS were burned to the ground by pro-slavery raiders. I’d assume the same stuff happened on the Missouri side but I’ve never read about that and that’s the same side that thought Mormons, who placed the garden of Eden near the KS border, were too crazy for thinking black people needed rights.

Hi! I'm not a swordsmith, but I am a swords_man_ and I know why fullers were invented.

Fullers have nothing to do with moving blood. They are added to strengthen a blade by creating internal angles while simultaneously removing material and thus lightening it. A blade with fullers will be stiffer and more resilient than a flat blade of the same weight. A good short sword like this weighs maybe 3-5 lbs. Not a lot, but swing one around for more than a couple minutes and your arm is ready to come off! (My personal record is about 45 min of non-stop sparring and afterward my fingers had locked up and had to be pried off the grip.)

Every fuller you add removes some material so there's clearly diminishing returns, but the goal is to preserve the strength of a blade while reducing the weight.

Finally, fullers may be added to a blade for style. They look cool and smiths may add fullers decoratively. Especially if you see a fuller on a knife/dagger or something that really isn't expected to take heavy blows - it's probably just there to look good.

Edit: I suspect that the double fuller here is an especially aggressive grind - the center "bar" looks like it's intended to be basically a rod with just enough "edge" remaining to keep the blade together. But it's also flashy enough that I'm thinking anesthetics played a role here too.

Weight would be my guess.

My brain tells me that second bit is a truss rod. I'm just gonna decide my brain is right and that swords can have truss rods.