It is difficult for me to ascertain when the person I am communicating is using a logical fallacy to trick me into believing him or doubting my judgement, even when I realise it hours after the argument.
I have seen countless arguments in Reddit threads and I couldn't figure out who was in the right or wrong unless I looked at the upvote counts. Even if the person is uttering a blatant lie, they somehow make it sound in a way that is completely believable to me. If it weren't for those people that could exactly point out the irrationality behind these arguments, my mind would have been lobotomised long ago.
I do want to learn these critical thinking skills but I don't know where to begin from. I could have all these tips and strategies memorised in theory, but they would be essentially useless if I am not able to think properly or remember them at the heat of the moment.
There could be many situations I could be unprepared for, like when the other person brings up a fact or statistic to support their claim and I have no way to verify it at the moment, or when someone I know personally to be wise or well-informed bring up about such fallacies, perhaps about a topic they are not well-versed with or misinformed of by some other unreliable source, and I don't know whether to believe them or myself.
Could someone help me in this? I find this skill of distinguishing fallacies from facts to be an extremely important thing to have in this age of misinformation and would really wish to learn it well if possible. Maybe I could take inspiration from how you came about learning these critical thinking skills by your own.
Edit: I do not blindly trust the upvote count in a comment thread to determine who is right or wrong. It just helps me inform that the original opinion is not inherently acceptable by everyone. It is up to me decide who is actually correct or not, which I can do at my leisure unlike in a live conversation with someone where I don't get the time to think rationally about what the other person is saying.
So I'm not sure how applicable this is - I'm a programmer, and I'm not neurotypical - but here's how it works for me
If this, then that. When a certain trigger happens, I've conditioned myself to stop my train of thought and reevaluate
When I realize I'm uncomfortable or agitated, I first ask myself "am I dehydrated? Am I overheated?". If not, I look at the situation... If I'm talking to someone and feel agitated, is it because of something that happened earlier today, is it because I'm just in a mood, or is there any other reason this is a me thing, and snapping at them would be unfair.
It's a lot of introspection, and I'm not sure it applies to someone who doesn't need coping mechanisms like this... But here's how it applies to logical fallacies:
If someone says something I feel is wrong, first I ask myself, why do I think that?
Maybe I've been taught wrong. I first heard the vaccines cause autism from a parent who said "I think he was susceptible, and the shock to his system from the vaccines triggered his autism". On it's face, that made sense - it wasn't until a coworker sighed and walked away after a comment I made that I googled it, and there was evidence against it and none for it, so I changed my mind immediately. I had no facts, one opinion by someone with a personal stake in it, and so I was wrong.
So if I only "know" a thing because I was told or because I assumed it, I immediately pull out my phone and look for evidence. You can do it very quick with practice, and people generally respond well when you take them seriously - either you go "huh, I guess you're right" and they're all smiles, or you show them what you found and go into the conversation with sources - either they can refute the source or you know they're ignoring the numbers
So now, let's say you're arguing something not so clear-cut, I have a reason to believe what I do based on facts, but the answer isn't obvious.
So first off, I don't care if you're the surgeon general or an anonymous Lemmy poster - ideas matter, people don't. The only time you trust authority is when you aren't able to understand the issue - and that comes up plenty, but it has no place in a conversation about the issue - you should be trying to understand ideas if you're talking about it. If they bring up a person, that's not an actual argument... Just ignore the names and the titles.
Hitler was right about some things, George Washington was wrong about some things - pretending otherwise is dumb. I'm on Hitler's side about interior design... Nazi stuff looks imposing and regal. I'm also Jewish, so I'm not exactly a fan of the guy. Ideas matter, where they come from has nothing to do with anything
Next, is "if I can't understand why someone would do/think this, I'm missing facts". If you can't give me a solid argument for the other side, I take everything you say about the topic with a grain of salt. No one is evil in their own story, no one takes a hilariously bad stance just because they're dumb... They have a reason to think that way, and if I can't understand why, then I'm missing something.
And if I'm missing something, it's foolish to make up my mind before I hear what that is.
Then you get to the actual arguments. I lay it out in my head. I break down the individual statements - do they make sense individually? Are they actually related to each other?
Most of all, it's important to see the difference between winning the argument and making a point. I'm not a great speaker - i don't remember specifics well, I remember my conclusions. I lose arguments all the time, and I pride myself on the fact that if I realize I'm wrong, I'll turn on a dime and own up to it.
But winning an argument and being right are almost unrelated things.
Finally, go back and fact check. The argument might be long over, but the goal should always be to understand better and gain a deeper perspective - follow up for your own sake
So my advice is: stop, reevaluate, and refocus. Every time something doesn't sound right to you, take a minute. Take a breath, remember your goal, and decide if what you've just been told changes that.
It's easy to get buried in details or lost in the heat of the moment, so make a habit of taking yourself out of it