this post was submitted on 13 Mar 2025
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curl https://some-url/ | sh

I see this all over the place nowadays, even in communities that, I would think, should be security conscious. How is that safe? What's stopping the downloaded script from wiping my home directory? If you use this, how can you feel comfortable?

I understand that we have the same problems with the installed application, even if it was downloaded and installed manually. But I feel the bar for making a mistake in a shell script is much lower than in whatever language the main application is written. Don't we have something better than "sh" for this? Something with less power to do harm?

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[–] Artyom@lemm.ee 42 points 6 days ago (1 children)

What's stopping the downloaded script from wiping my home directory?

What's stopping any Makefile, build script, or executable from running rm -rf ~? The correct answer is "nothing". PPAs are similarly open, things are a little safer if you only use your distro's default package sources, but it's always possible that a program will want to be able to delete something in your home directory, so it always has permission.

Containerized apps are the only way around this, where they get their own home directory.

[–] easily3667@lemmus.org 5 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (1 children)

Don't forget your package manager, running someone's installer as root

It's roughly the same state as when windows vista rolled out UAC in 2007 and everything still required admin rights because that's just how everything worked....but unlike Microsoft, Linux distros never did the thing of splitting off installs into admin vs unprivileged user installers.

[–] brian@programming.dev 5 points 6 days ago (1 children)

plenty of package managers have.

flatpak doesn't require any admin to install a new app

nixos doesn't run any code at all on your machine for just adding a package assuming it's already been cached. if it hasn't been cached it's run in a sandbox. the cases other package managers use post install configuration scripts for are a different mechanism which possibly has root access depending on what it is.

[–] easily3667@lemmus.org 1 points 5 days ago (1 children)

Gonna ignore nix since they have two users, but flatpak is fair. However flatpak is a sandboxing scheme which is distinct from per-user installs. In many cases it can be the better route but not always. I think the reason it's popular on Linux is also the dll hell problem.

[–] brian@programming.dev 1 points 5 days ago

idk if 2 users is fair, it may just be my circles but I see nixos mentioned more than almost anything else on lemmy/hn/etc in the past couple years

[–] Zron@lemmy.world 16 points 6 days ago (1 children)

For security reasons, I review every line of code before it’s executed on my machine.

Before I die, I hope to take my ‘93 dell optiplex out of its box and finally see what this whole internet thing is about.

[–] moseschrute@lemmy.ml 7 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

Not good enough. You should really be inspecting your CPU with a microscope.

[–] WolfLink@sh.itjust.works 14 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

It isn’t more dangerous than running a binary downloaded from them by any other means. It isn’t more dangerous than downloaded installer programs common with Windows.

TBH macOS has had the more secure idea of by default using sandboxes applications downloaded directly without any sort of installer. Linux is starting to head in that direction now with things like Flatpak.

[–] ExperimentalGuy@programming.dev 13 points 6 days ago

If you're worried, download it into a file first and read it.

What's stopping the downloaded script from wiping my home directory?

Lol. Lmao

[–] thomask@lemmy.sdf.org 16 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (1 children)

The security concerns are often overblown. The bigger problem for me is I don't know what kind of mess it's going to make or whether I can undo it. If it's a .deb or even a tarball to extract in /usr/local then I know how to uninstall.

I will still use them sometimes but for things I know and understand - e.g. rustup will put things in ~/.rustup and update the PATH in my shell profile and because I know that's what it does I'm happy to use the automation on a new system.

[–] jagged_circle@feddit.nl 6 points 6 days ago (17 children)

Damn that's bad misinformation. Its a security nightmare

[–] thomask@lemmy.sdf.org 11 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (2 children)

So tell me: if I download and run a bash script over https, or a .deb file over https and then install it, why is the former a "security nightmare" and the latter not?

[–] jagged_circle@feddit.nl 2 points 6 days ago (4 children)

Both are a security nightmare, if you're not verifying the signature.

You should verify the signature of all things you download before running it. Be it a bash script or a .deb file or a .AppImage or to-be-compiled sourcecode.

Best thing is to just use your Repo's package manager. Apt will not run anything that isn't properly signed by a package team members release PGP key.

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[–] rocky_patriot@programming.dev 2 points 6 days ago (1 children)

For example: A compromised host could detect whether you are downloading the script or piping it.

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[–] emberpunk@lemmy.ml 6 points 5 days ago

You could just read the script file first.. Or YOLO trust it like you trust any file downloaded from a relatively safe source.. At least you can read a script.

[–] easily3667@lemmus.org 10 points 6 days ago (1 children)

This is just normal Linux poor security. Even giants like docker do this.

Docker doesn't do this anymore. Their install script got moved to "only do this for testing".

Use a convenience script. Only recommended for testing and development environments.

Now, their install page recommends packages/repos first, and then a manual install of the binaries second.

[–] tatterdemalion@programming.dev 7 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Back up your data folks. You're probably more likely to accidentally rm -rf yourself than download a script that will do it.

[–] easily3667@lemmus.org 2 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

To be fair that's because Linux funnels you to the safeguard-free terminal where it's much harder to visualize what's going on and fewer checks to make sure you're doing what you mean to be doing. I know it's been a trend for a long time where software devs think they are immune from mistakes but...they aren't. And nor is anyone else.

[–] Kissaki@programming.dev 3 points 5 days ago

| sh stands for shake head at bad practices

[–] ikidd@lemmy.world 7 points 6 days ago

When I modded some subreddits I had an automod rule that would target curl-bash pipes in comments and posts, and remove them. I took a fair bit of heat over that, but I wasn't backing down.

I had a lot of respect for Tteck and had a couple discussions with him about that and why I was doing that. I saw that eventually he put a notice up that pretty much said what I did about understanding what a script does, and how the URL you use can be pointed to something else entirely long after the commandline is posted.

[–] jagged_circle@feddit.nl 6 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (2 children)

I dont just cringe, I open a bug report. You can be the change to fix this.

[–] Akito@lemmy.zip 3 points 6 days ago

One of the few worthwhile comments on Lemmy...

[–] Scrollone@feddit.it 2 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Can we also open bug reports for open-source projects that base their community on Discord?

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[–] Boomkop3@reddthat.com 3 points 6 days ago

And don't forget to sudo!

[–] knexcar@lemmy.world 3 points 6 days ago (4 children)

What does curl even do? Unstraighten? Seems like any other command I’d blindly paste from an internet thread into a terminal window to try to get something on Linux to work.

[–] ArsonButCute@lemmy.dbzer0.com 7 points 6 days ago (3 children)

cURL (pronounced curl) stands for client for URL. It transfers data from a url, which you can then do things with.

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